Final answer:
First aid care involves resting the person, maintaining normal body temperature, monitoring ABC's, using the recovery position if needed, and offering comfort. Controlled hypothermia is a medical technique to lower body temperature to reduce organ damage, used in emergencies and surgeries. CPR should be administered to a drowning victim after they are removed from water.
Step-by-step explanation:
To provide first aid care, have the person rest, help the person maintain a normal body temperature, monitor the person's condition and ABC's (Airway, Breathing, and Circulation), move the person into the recovery position if necessary, give comfort and reassurance to the person. This approach is particularly important in situations where someone is at risk of hypothermia, which is an abnormally low body temperature. In some medical practices such as in the emergency department, controlled hypothermia is used to reduce the metabolic rate of an organ or the entire body of a person who may have suffered a cardiac arrest or for patients undergoing open-heart surgery.
Controlled hypothermia involves clinically lowering the body's temperature, which can help decrease the metabolic needs of the brain, heart, and other organs, reducing the risk of damage during surgery or after a traumatic event like cardiac arrest. The procedure of controlled hypothermia usually includes the use of medication to prevent shivering and the use of specialized equipment to lower and maintain the body's temperature at a safe level while also supporting the body's physiological functions.
The concept of first aid extends to many situations, including the management of someone who is drowning. It's critical to note that removing a drowning person from the water is the first step because CPR cannot be effectively administered in the water. Once on stable ground, CPR should be started as soon as possible if necessary.