Final answer:
The prosecution is responsible for proving the accused's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt in a criminal case. They must present evidence and witness testimonies subject to cross-examination.
The defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty, and if convicted, has the right to appeal.
Step-by-step explanation:
In criminal cases within the American court system, the side responsible for proving the different parts of the case is the prosecution. The prosecution, representing the government, carries the burden to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the accused, known as the defendant, is guilty of the charges.
This standard of proof is much higher than in civil cases, where the plaintiff must only show a preponderance of the evidence.
The sixth amendment guarantees the accused various rights, including being assumed innocent until proven guilty, and having the right to confront and cross-examine witnesses.
During a trial, both the prosecution and defense will present evidence and witness testimonies, which are subject to cross-examination in order to maintain a fair adversarial process. After hearing all the evidence, a jury or judge will determine the guilt or innocence of the defendant.
If no plea bargain is agreed upon, the case goes to trial where jury members, after hearing all evidence from both sides, will decide on the defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.
Should the jury find the defendant not guilty, the prosecution's case is dismissed. In the event of a guilty verdict, the defense has the right to appeal to a higher court.