Final answer:
For patients at greater risk of CABSI, the use of antibiotic-impregnated or antiseptic-coated catheters, adherence to aseptic techniques, and regular assessment of catheters are crucial to reduce infection risk.
Step-by-step explanation:
In patients at greater risk for catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CABSI), consideration should be given to types of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) or non-tunneled catheters that are designed to minimize the risk of infection. The World Health Organization highlights the severity of CABSI, with an estimated 80,000 cases annually in the US alone. It is crucial for medical devices that enter the bloodstream to maintain sterility to prevent infections.
For high-risk patients, antibiotic-impregnated catheters, chlorhexidine-silver sulfadiazine coated catheters, or minocycline-rifampin coated catheters might be considered as they have been shown to reduce the incidence of CABSI. In addition, adherence to strict aseptic techniques and the use of full barrier precautions during insertion are paramount. Continuous training and adherence to protocols, such as those introduced by Dr. Peter Pronovost, can reduce human errors that lead to infections.
Biofilm formation on catheters, particularly by bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, represents an additional risk factor for CABSI. Thus, choosing catheters with anti-biofilm properties can further reduce the risk. Regular assessment and timely replacement of catheters are also critical for prevention.