Final answer:
Large central veins such as the internal jugular, subclavian, and femoral veins are selected for tunneled catheters due to their size, accessibility, and efficient medication delivery to the heart.
Step-by-step explanation:
The vessels selected for tunneled catheters are typically large central veins, which are a part of the venous system. This system includes vessels that have larger lumens and thinner walls, often appearing flattened in cross section. Compared to arteries, veins can better accommodate the long-term presence of catheters without significant impacts on blood flow or vessel integrity. Tunneled catheters are often used for administering treatments such as chemotherapy drugs, and other situations where long-term venous access is required. The preferred veins for tunneled catheters are the internal jugular vein, subclavian vein, and the femoral vein. These veins are chosen due to their size, accessibility, and the fact that they provide a direct route to the heart, ensuring efficient delivery of medication or for dialysis access.