Final answer:
Prokinetic agents, like metoclopramide, promote gastric emptying and can reduce the risk of aspiration, particularly in GERD and gastroparesis patients. Antacids, H₂ antagonists, and proton pump inhibitors primarily reduce stomach acid production but do not significantly enhance gastric emptying.
Step-by-step explanation:
Medications that promote gastric emptying and decrease the risk of aspiration are called prokinetic agents. These drugs work by enhancing the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, which includes increasing the rate at which the stomach empties its contents into the intestine. One commonly prescribed prokinetic medication is metoclopramide (Reglan), which has been shown to speed up gastric emptying and can be used to treat conditions like Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastroparesis. While antacids such as H₂-receptor antagonists (Ranitidine, Famotidine, Cimetidine) and proton pump inhibitors (like Omeprazole) decrease acid production in the stomach, they do not significantly promote gastric emptying.
To manage GERD symptoms, besides medications, some lifestyle changes can also be recommended. For example, sleeping with the head of the bed elevated can use gravity to prevent acid reflux into the esophagus from the stomach.