Final answer:
King George III's response to the First Continental Congress was dismissive, reflecting his belief that British authority needed to be firmly established over the American colonies. This led to Massachusetts being declared in rebellion and the offering of the Conciliatory Proposition, which did not satisfy the colonists' expectations. The Second Continental Congress was convened amidst ongoing conflict, signaling a move towards war.
Step-by-step explanation:
The response by King George III to the First Continental Congress was dismissive and intransigent. After the Intolerable Acts and the colonists' call for redress, the monarch felt that a decisive response was necessary to assert British authority, reflecting his statement that "blows must be exchanged" to resolve the status of the colonies. The British Parliament subsequently declared Massachusetts in rebellion, curtailing trade with New England, and passed the Conciliatory Proposition which suggested regulating trade through taxes but maintained parliamentary oversight. However, these actions did not meet the colonists' expectations for substantial change and were viewed as too late, especially in light of the aggression at Lexington and Concord.
One of the reasons for this reaction from the King and British Parliament was a fundamental misjudgment of the colonial stance. The British perceived their offers as reasonable within their view of imperial governance, not understanding that by this stage, the American colonists were moving towards self-governance and autonomy. The Second Continental Congress, facing unsatisfactory British responses and outright conflict at Lexington and Concord, realized that they had to prepare for war, leading to the formation of the Continental Army.