Final answer:
Prophylactic antibiotics are given prior to a carotid endarterectomy to reduce the risk of infection. Commonly used antibiotics include benzathine benzylpenicillin and amoxicillin.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carotid endarterectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove plaque from the carotid arteries in the neck, which supply oxygenated blood to the brain. Prior to the procedure, prophylactic antibiotics are typically administered to reduce the risk of infection. The specific antibiotics used may vary depending on factors such as the patient's risk factors and local guidelines. Commonly used antibiotics include benzathine benzylpenicillin and amoxicillin.