Final answer:
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the condition that causes the leakage of blood and other fluids from intraocular vessels, leading to permanent vision loss.
Step-by-step explanation:
This condition is known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). It is the most common cause of blindness in the Western hemisphere. AMD occurs when the retinal pigment epithelium, a layer of cells that supports the macula of the eye, dies. This leads to a black spot in the center of the patient's vision, which grows outward as the disease progresses.