Final answer:
The symptom of uremia from the options provided is 'B. Loss of appetite'. Uremia indicates advanced kidney failure and is associated with a range of symptoms, including cardiovascular abnormalities and metabolic acidosis, but not increased energy or heat intolerance.
Step-by-step explanation:
Symptoms of Uremia
Uremia is a condition that signifies advanced kidney failure, where there is an increase in the blood urea levels. The condition can be categorized into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal uremia, each having different causes but ultimately leading to an elevation of blood urea levels. Symptoms of uremia can include a variety of signs such as loss of appetite, fatigue, excessive urination, or oliguria. Notably, darkening of urine is typical but refers more to the urine itself rather than the stool. Increased energy level and heat intolerance are not commonly associated with uremia. Therefore, the symptom of uremia from the provided options would be 'B. Loss of appetite'.
Conditions such as dehydration due to vomiting or diarrhea can lead to pre-renal uremia due to the consequent reduction in blood volume and decrease in Glomerular filtration rate, thus increasing blood urea levels. Renal uremia relates directly to kidney disorders, where the kidneys are failing to filter and excrete urea properly. Post-renal uremia can be due to obstructions in the urinary tract that prevent urine from being excreted, resulting in increased urea levels. High blood urea levels can lead to complications including metabolic acidosis, hypertension, heart arrhythmias, and in severe cases, symptoms like encephalopathy and cardiovascular abnormalities.