Final Answer:
Reflexes are automatic, involuntary responses to stimuli, often involving a specific neural pathway that bypasses conscious control. On the other hand, sensorimotor schemes are cognitive patterns or actions that infants employ to understand the world around them. These schemes involve intentional and voluntary actions that help infants learn about their environment through sensory input and motor responses.
Step-by-step explanation:
Reflexes are rapid, involuntary responses to stimuli, typically aimed at preserving the body's integrity or responding to immediate dangers. They occur without conscious thought and involve neural circuits that transmit signals directly from sensory neurons to motor neurons, bypassing higher brain centers.
Sensorimotor schemes, according to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, are mental or behavioral patterns used by infants to explore and understand their surroundings. These schemes are part of the process through which infants learn about the world, encompassing intentional actions based on sensory input and motor responses. As infants interact with their environment, they modify these schemes based on their experiences.