Final answer:
Neurogenesis is the production of new neurons in the brain and continues throughout adulthood. It plays a crucial role in learning and memory, with exercise and certain medications promoting neurogenesis. Stress has the opposite effect. Further research in this area may lead to new treatments for neurological disorders.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neurogenesis is the production of new neurons in the brain, and it continues throughout adulthood. While it was previously believed that people were born with all the neurons they would ever have, research has shown that new neurons can be formed even in adults from undifferentiated neural stem cells. Neurogenesis plays an important role in learning and memory, with about 1000 new neurons developing in the hippocampus each day. Factors such as exercise and some antidepressant medications promote neurogenesis, while stress has the opposite effect. While neurogenesis is limited compared to regeneration in other tissues, further research in this area may lead to new treatments for neurological disorders.