Final answer:
The structure between the superior and inferior articular processes in the vertebral column is called the zygapophysial joint or facet joint.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structure between the superior and inferior articular processes in the vertebral column is called the zygapophysial joint or facet joint. These joints are synovial joints that allow for limited motion between adjacent vertebrae. The orientation of the articular processes at these joints varies in different regions of the vertebral column, determining the types of motions available in each region.