Final answer:
A periodontal surgery around the second maxillary right molar requires a PSA nerve block and possibly an MSA nerve block if the mesiobuccal root of the first molar is innervated by the MSA. The option (B) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question involves determining the type of nerve block injection needed for periodontal surgery around the second maxillary right molar. The Posterior Superior Alveolar (PSA) nerve block is used to anesthetize the maxillary molars (except for the mesiobuccal root of the first molar), while the Middle Superior Alveolar (MSA) nerve block is occasionally needed to anesthetize the maxillary premolars and mesiobuccal root of the first maxillary molar if it is innervated by the MSA, which is not always present.
Neither the Greater Palatine (GP) nerve block nor the Inferior Alveolar (IA) nerve block would be appropriate for this area as the GP is for palatal soft tissue anesthesia near molars and premolars and the IA nerve block is for mandibular teeth, not maxillary. Therefore, only the PSA and possibly the MSA nerve blocks are necessary for surgery around the second maxillary right molar. Therefore, option (B) is correct.