Final answer:
A patient allergic to an ester would be allergic to Benzocaine, an ester-type local anesthetic. For severe allergic reactions like anaphylactic shock, epinephrine is used as an emergency treatment, while antihistamines help relieve common allergy symptoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is addressing a scenario where a patient has an allergy to an ester-type medication. From the choices provided, the patient who is allergic to an ester would also be allergic to c. Benzocaine, which is an ester local anesthetic. Lidocaine and Mepivacaine, on the other hand, are amides and not esters, and thus the patient should not have an ester-related allergic reaction to these compounds.
In cases of severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylactic shock, the primary drug used to counteract the effects is epinephrine. This medication is effective in raising blood pressure and relaxing bronchial smooth muscle, which can be lifesaving during anaphylactic events. Patients known to suffer from severe allergies often carry an epinephrine auto-injector, such as an EpiPen, to administer in the event of exposure to allergens. Antihistamines are also used in treating allergies; however, they serve to prevent mast cells from releasing histamine or to block histamine's effects, which leads to relief from common allergy symptoms such as itching and swelling, rather than treating anaphylactic shock directly.