Final answer:
The incorrect pair is Mepivacaine: Marcaine. The correct brand name for Mepivacaine is Carbocaine, and Marcaine is the brand name for Bupivacaine. Local anesthetics block Na+ channels to stop nerve conduction, providing temporary loss of sensation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which pair of generic and brand names of local anesthetics is incorrect. Local anesthetics are drugs that result in a temporary loss of sensation in a limited area by blocking nerve conduction. The correct pairings are Prilocaine: Citanest, Lidocaine: Xylocaine, and Articaine: Septocaine. However, the incorrect pair presented is Mepivacaine: Marcaine. The correct brand name for Mepivacaine is Carbocaine, while Marcaine is the brand name for Bupivacaine.
Local anesthetics like lidocaine and novocaine act as Na+ channel blockers, preventing sodium from moving across the neuronal membrane, effectively stopping nerve conduction. This blockage is why these drugs are so effective as local anesthetics; they interrupt the pain signal without causing permanent damage to nerve structures. Their reversible nature allows for the recovery of normal sensation and consciousness after their effects wear off, making them indispensable in medical procedures that require local anesthesia.