Final answer:
For periodontal surgery around the second maxillary right molar, both a PSA (Posterior Superior Alveolar) nerve block and a GP (Greater Palatine) nerve block are typically required to ensure proper anesthesia of the teeth and surrounding soft tissues.
Step-by-step explanation:
A periodontal surgery scheduled around the second maxillary right molar typically requires anesthesia of the teeth, the surrounding bone, and the soft tissues. Two nerve blocks are often considered for numbing the upper molars:
- Posterior superior alveolar (PSA) nerve block: This anesthesia is used to numb the molar teeth except for the mesiobuccal root of the first molar.
- Greater palatine (GP) nerve block: This injection numbs the soft tissue and bone of the posterior hard palate, up to the first premolar area.
Since the question is about the second molar, a PSA nerve block is definitely required. However, to ensure that the area of the second molar, particularly the palatal aspect, is adequately anesthetized, a GP nerve block might also be indicated. Hence, the correct answer for the type of injection needed for periodontal surgery around the second maxillary right molar is d. PSA and GP.