Final answer:
The hypothalamus is responsible for releasing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) during puberty, which stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to secrete FSH and LH. These hormones are essential for stimulating the gonads and the production of testosterone in males.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hormonal Control of Puberty
The structure responsible for the release of hormones that stimulate the gonads during puberty is the hypothalamus. During puberty, the hypothalamus starts releasing pulses of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). This hormone travels to the anterior pituitary gland and stimulates it to secrete two key hormones: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
FSH stimulates the Sertoli cells in the testes, which are crucial for sperm production. On the other hand, LH stimulates the Leydig cells in the testes to synthesize and secrete testosterone, a vital hormone for male sexual development and function. Together, these hormones contribute to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the onset of reproductive capability.