Final answer:
State-mandated car inspections typically occur annually, but this can vary by state. Car insurance rates are an ongoing cost influenced by various factors, including the driver's age and vehicle's safety rating. Cars are increasingly fuel-efficient, which may affect maintenance frequency, and external conditions like cold weather can impact vehicle performance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The frequency at which a car must be inspected can vary depending on the state where it is registered. Some states require an annual inspection, which corresponds to option b) annually. However, it's important to check with your specific state's Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or equivalent agency for the exact regulation as it can differ from state to state. These inspections can include checks for emissions, safety features, and overall roadworthiness of the vehicle.
Car insurance is another aspect of automobile ownership that needs to be considered. It is generally required in most states and the rates can fluctuate based on factors such as the driver's age, driving history, and the vehicle's safety rating. Insurance payments can be made on different schedules, such as monthly, quarterly, or bi-annually, which is an ongoing cost in addition to other vehicle expenses.
With regard to fuel efficiency, as cars are becoming more fuel efficient and offer more miles to the gallon, this may impact the frequency of certain inspections or maintenance activities not directly related to state inspections but relevant for vehicle upkeep. Moreover, external factors like an 'exceptionally cold winter' can affect a vehicle's performance and may prompt more frequent checks of the vehicle's systems.