Final answer:
The superior paravertebral ganglion is also known as the superior cervical ganglion. It is a part of the sympathetic nervous system that provides innervations to the head. Other ganglia include the superior mesenteric ganglion, which controls digestive processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The superior paravertebral ganglion is another name for the superior cervical ganglion. This ganglion is one of the paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system, which projects to the head, providing innervations such as the dilation of the pupils and sweating of the facial area. Additionally, there are other ganglia in the sympathetic system, like the superior mesenteric ganglion, which is one of the collateral ganglia that influences the digestive system by providing nerve supply to the gastrointestinal tract.
There are three paravertebral ganglia in the cervical region, and these are located superior to the sympathetic chain ganglia and are called the cervical ganglia. In the broader sympathetic nervous system, which helps regulate the body's unconscious actions, the paravertebral ganglia are situated adjacent to the prevertebral, or collateral, ganglia, such as the superior mesenteric ganglion.