Final answer:
In neonatal resuscitation, ventilation assistance may include the use of a ventilator or nasal CPAP depending on whether the infant is able to initiate breaths spontaneously, and pulmonary surfactant therapy is often administered to treat RDS.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ventilation Devices in Neonatal Resuscitation
During neonatal resuscitation, it is vital to use specific ventilation devices designed for newborns who are unable to breathe on their own. If an infant does not initiate spontaneous breathing at the time of delivery, resuscitation and possibly intubation might be necessary. These infants are often placed on a mechanical device known as a ventilator to assist with breathing. Should spontaneous breathing occur, the application of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may be employed to support the infant's respirations. Pulmonary surfactant therapy is also a critical intervention that has notably reduced the mortality rate of infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) by 50 percent. In some cases, other therapies like corticosteroids, supplemental oxygen, and assisted ventilation could be part of the treatment plan. Additionally, supportive care such as temperature regulation, nutritional support, and antibiotics can be administered to ensure the premature infant's stability and growth.