Final answer:
American planters in Hawaii faced two crises in the early 1890s: an economic crisis due to the crash of the Hawaiian economy and a political crisis resulting from tensions between the Hawaiian queen and American planters.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the early 1890s, American planters in Hawaii faced two major crises. The first crisis was the crash of the Hawaiian economy, which was heavily dependent on American markets for its sugar exports. This resulted in high unemployment rates among the Chinese and Japanese immigrants who worked in the cane fields and sugar mills. The second crisis was a political one, as the Hawaiian queen, Liliuokalani, sought to restrict the political power of American planters in favor of native Hawaiians, leading to a revolt by the American planters and the eventual annexation of Hawaii by the United States.