Question

Although Piaget claimed young infants could not mentally represent or think about anything

that is not perceptually present, subsequent research has shown that young infants can
represent invisible objects. Researchers have shown that infants as young as 3-1/2 to 4-1/2
months old look longer at impossible events than at possible events. This research
procedure is known as:
A) means-end problem solving.
B) conditioned response.
C) violation-of-expectancy.
D) object-permanence testing

Answer 1

The research procedure is called violation-of-expectancy.

Step-by-step explanation:

The research procedure that has shown that young infants can represent invisible objects is called violation-of-expectancy (Option C)

The term object permanence refers to the understanding that even if something is out of sight, it still exists. Piaget studied infants' reactions to the hiding of a toy to determine if they had developed object permanence. Infants who reached for the hidden toy indicated that they knew it still existed, while infants who did not reach for it appeared confused.

Furthermore, subsequent research has shown that infants as young as 3-1/2 to 4-1/2 months old can look longer at impossible events than possible events, indicating their ability to represent invisible objects.