Final answer:
The sympathetic system prepares the body for stress and activates the fight-or-flight response, while the parasympathetic system promotes rest and relaxation. The sympathetic system increases heart rate, dilates bronchi, decreases digestion, and dilates pupils. The parasympathetic system decreases heart rate, constricts bronchi, increases digestion, and constricts pupils.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system have different effects on the heart, lungs, digestive system, and eyes. The sympathetic system prepares the body for stressful situations and activates the fight-or-flight response. It increases heart rate, dilates the bronchi in the lungs for more air intake, decreases digestion, and dilates the pupils. The parasympathetic system, on the other hand, promotes rest and relaxation. It decreases heart rate, constricts the bronchi, increases digestion, and constricts the pupils.