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Arrange the following four compounds in order of increasing Rf when using TLC plates similar to those you used. Place lowest Rf on the left and highest Rf on the right. Explain how you arrived at your choices for full credit.

n-heptane
1-heptanol
Hexylmethyl ether
n-heptanoic acid

1 Answer

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Final answer:

To arrange the compounds in order of increasing Rf when using TLC plates, we need to consider their polarity. The order of increasing polarity is: Hexylmethyl ether, n-heptane, 1-heptanol, n-heptanoic acid.

Step-by-step explanation:

To arrange the compounds in order of increasing Rf when using TLC plates, we need to consider their polarity. Compounds with higher polarity will have a higher Rf value because they will be attracted to the mobile phase (the solvent) and move further up the TLC plate. Compounds with lower polarity will have a lower Rf value because they will be less attracted to the mobile phase and move less up the TLC plate.

The order of increasing polarity is:

  1. Hexylmethyl ether
  2. n-heptane
  3. 1-heptanol
  4. n-heptanoic acid

Hexylmethyl ether has the lowest polarity because it is a nonpolar compound. n-Heptane is slightly more polar than hexylmethyl ether but still relatively nonpolar. 1-Heptanol is more polar than both hexylmethyl ether and n-heptane due to the presence of a hydroxyl group, making it capable of forming hydrogen bonds. n-Heptanoic acid is the most polar compound among the given options because it has a carboxyl group, which can form hydrogen bonds and ion-dipole interactions.

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