Final answer:
In a linear structure from sensory to motor neurons, a reflex arc is formed, which includes interneurons connecting the two, allowing for quick responses to stimuli. option b is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neurons that activate each other in a linear structure from sensory neurons to motor neurons are known as a reflex arc. This process begins with sensory neurons (afferent neurons) responding to a stimulus and sending nerve impulses to the spinal cord. In the spinal cord, the impulse is passed to an interneuron, which in turn relays the impulse to a motor neuron (efferent neurons). The motor neuron carries the impulse to a muscle, triggering a response such as a contraction.
Interneurons are best suited for relaying information directly from one neuron to another because they specifically connect sensory neurons to motor neurons, facilitating the reflex action that is critical in a reflex arc. This allows for the rapid communication that is necessary for immediate responses to sensory stimuli.
In a diverging circuit, a single input (such as a sensory neuron) activates multiple neurons in a sequential manner, allowing for amplification and distribution of signals to various pathways. This arrangement is characteristic of information processing in the nervous system, enabling responses to sensory stimuli and motor output