Final answer:
Sex refers to the biological differences between males and females, while gender refers to cultural roles based on these differences.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question refers to the terms sex and gender, which denote different concepts. Sex is a biological term that denotes the presence of physical or physiological differences between males and females. This includes primary sex characteristics like the reproductive system, as well as secondary characteristics such as height and muscularity.
Sexual dimorphism highlights differences in physical characteristics other than reproductive organs that appear between males and females of the same species. On the other hand, gender refers to the cultural expectations of behavior based on these biological differences. It denotes behaviors, personal traits, and social positions that society attributes to being male or female.
While 'sex' is based on visible biological features, 'gender' is a concept developed by social scientists to refer to cultural roles and is subject to change over time and varies significantly between different societies. For example, the wearing of a kilt by a Scottish man is a reflection of his national and masculine identity within his culture and has no bearing on his biological sex.