Final answer:
By the end of 1862, the Union had not gained complete control of all of Tennessee; success in the west and victories like the capture of Nashville marked progress, but control was not absolute.
Step-by-step explanation:
By the end of 1862, northern forces had not yet gained control of the whole state of Tennessee. While significant victories in 1862 did see the Union Army make major gains, including the capture of Nashville, the state was not wholly under Union control by the end of that year.
The western parts of Tennessee saw high pro-Union sentiment, but the eastern regions were under strong Confederate influence. In 1863, Union forces continued their campaign in the west, capturing key locations along the Mississippi River, illustrating a gradual progression of control rather than a complete takeover by the end of 1862.
Despite high pro-Union sentiment, especially in the mountainous regions, the complete control over Tennessee was a process that unfolded over time, with key battles such as the Battle of Shiloh playing a significant role. Efforts for statehood and secession unfolded amidst this tumultuous period, with the state government declaring martial law in eastern Tennessee to control secessionist opposition. Furthermore, despite the attempted capture of Vicksburg in 1862 and other strategic moves, it was not until July 1863 that the Union would see major decisive victories leading toward more definitive control of the Confederacy, including Tennessee.