Final answer:
B. malnutrition. Infectious diseases such as diarrhea are closely linked to malnutrition, as it can compromise the immune system and make individuals more susceptible to infections. Similarly, infectious diseases can lead to malnutrition by impairing nutrient absorption and increasing metabolic needs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Infectious Diseases and Their Links In response to the question about the linkage between infectious diseases such as diarrhea, the correct answer is that they are closely linked to malnutrition. It is well established that undernutrition can increase the risk of infectious diseases because a lack of nutrients can compromise the immune system, making it less effective at fighting off pathogens. Conversely, an infectious disease can also increase the risk of undernutrition as it can impair the absorption of nutrients, lead to loss of appetite, and cause an increase in metabolic requirements due to fever or other symptoms.In terms of foodborne illnesses, the most common symptoms include abdominal discomfort, nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting.
These symptoms are often the result of toxins produced by the microbial pathogens that contaminate food and drink. Handling food with poor hygiene practices can also contribute to the spread of infectious diseases. Thus, maintaining good nutrition and hygienic practices are key to preventing and managing infectious diseases.Overall, while emotional stress and toxicity effects can affect health in various ways, when it comes to infectious diseases like diarrhea, the direct linkage is predominantly with malnutrition.