Final answer:
The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast, which is the space outside the thylakoid membranes where photosynthesis occurs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast.
The light reactions of photosynthesis occur in the thylakoid membranes, which are located in the chloroplasts. The stroma is the space outside the thylakoid membranes where the reactions of the Calvin cycle occur. Pigments and electron carriers, which are key players in the Calvin cycle, are also found in the thylakoid membranes.
Reference: Winn, Joseph W., and Linda J. Anderson, eds. “Photosynthesis." An Introduction to Biological Evolution. Fourth Edition. Norton Life Sciences.