Final answer:
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which maintains the endometrium and inhibits hormone production. As the corpus luteum degrades, progesterone levels decline, leading to shedding of the uterine lining.
Step-by-step explanation:
The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure that forms in the ovary after ovulation. Its name, which is Latin for "yellow body," reflects the characteristic yellowish color it acquires. The corpus luteum plays a critical role in the menstrual and reproductive cycles of females, particularly in mammals.
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which inhibits GnRH, FSH, and LH production and maintains the endometrium. As the corpus luteum degrades, progesterone declines, initiating sloughing of the stratum functionalis.