Final answer:
Option c) 'Countries tend to associate politically and economically with their "own kind"' is not a result of globalization, as globalization actually promotes interconnectedness among diverse nations. It is incorrect to state that globalization limits countries to only engage with similar nations, as global economics often encourages a wide array of partnerships.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the effects and consequences of globalization. Among the given options, c) 'Countries tend to associate politically and economically with their "own kind"' is not a result of globalization. Globalization has actually increased the interconnectedness and interdependence of different nations across a multitude of dimensions such as culture, politics, and economics. As countries increasingly participate in international trade and the global market, they often become involved with a diverse range of trading partners.
It might seem that globalization would lead to a 'McDonaldization' of the world, where cultural diversity is diminished and replaced by a uniform culture, but the reality is more complex. Globalization can indeed spread certain cultural elements worldwide but can also facilitate the exchange of a variety of cultural practices, leading to a more interconnected yet diverse global cultural landscape.
Globalization certainly impacts financial capital flows and international trade, making individuals and businesses in any part of the world susceptible to events elsewhere. However, the claim that countries associate only with similar nations is misleading, as economic globalization often encourages countries to engage with a broad spectrum of partners for their mutual benefit.