Final answer:
Dendrites are the short, branched cytoplasmic extensions of neurons that allow them to receive input signals from other neurons.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a neuron, the short, branched cytoplasmic extensions that allow the neuron to receive input signals are called dendrites. Dendrites serve as input sites where signals are received from other neurons. These signals are transmitted electrically across the neuron's soma and down the axon to be transferred to another cell.