Final answer:
In Civil law cases, the losers cannot be fined or incarcerated by the state, as civil law handles private disputes seeking compensation rather punishment.
Step-by-step explanation:
In civil law cases, the accused, known as the defendant, cannot be fined or incarcerated by the state as punishment for losing the case. Civil law disputes involve private parties and typically concern the resolution of private grievances, such as lawsuits for damages due to personal injury, breach of contract, or property disputes. Unlike criminal law cases, where the state prosecutes an individual for an offence against societal norms and imposes penalties such as fines or imprisonment, civil law cases focus on compensating a wronged party rather than punishing the wrongdoer.
Therefore, the answer to the question is:
In Civil law cases, the losers cannot be fined or incarcerated by the state.
Both state and federal courts have the jurisdiction to hear matters involving civil law and criminal law. It is not unusual for a person to face both criminal and civil trials for the same act, as these trials exist within two separate branches of law and address different wrongs.