Final answer:
The powers specifically established by the language of the Constitution are called the expressed powers. They are listed in the text of the Constitution and granted to the national government. Implied powers are inferred as necessary to carry out the expressed powers, while inherent powers are assumed to exist.
Step-by-step explanation:
The powers that are specifically established by the language of the Constitution are called the expressed powers. These powers are listed in the text of the Constitution and are granted to the national government. For example, the power to issue money, collect taxes, regulate interstate commerce, and declare war are all expressed powers given to Congress.On the other hand, implied powers are not explicitly stated in the Constitution, but are inferred as necessary to carry out the expressed powers. For instance, the power of the national government to prohibit racial discrimination on trains and buses is an implied power derived from the power to regulate interstate commerce.Inherent powers are those that all national governments have by virtue of being sovereign. These powers, such as the power to acquire territory and grant diplomatic recognition, are not mentioned in the Constitution but are assumed to exist.