Final answer:
The creation of the Israeli buffer zone emerged from the Six-Day War of 1967 when Israel took control of various territories for security reasons, leading to Palestinian displacement and ongoing disputes. Peace efforts like the Oslo Accords attempted, but did not fully resolve, these conflicts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The creation of an Israeli "buffer zone" consisting of Jerusalem, the Sinai Peninsula, the Golan Heights, and the West Bank was a result of the Six-Day War of 1967. After the British relinquished their mandate over Palestine, Israel declared its independence in 1948, leading to a series of conflicts with its neighboring Arab countries. The tension escalated until 1967 when Israel, victorious in the war, acquired significant territories from Egypt, Syria, and Jordan, arguing that these were necessary for security reasons. This expansion led to the displacement of thousands of Palestinian Arabs and continued territorial disputes.
The 1967 war solidified Israel's control over regions of Palestine and further complicated relationships with neighboring Arab states which demanded the return of territories like the Golan Heights and the Sinai Peninsula. Although Israel returned the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt in a later agreement, disputes over other territories remain unresolved.
Peace efforts, including the Oslo Accords of 1993, have been made to address the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, but issues such as Israeli settlements and Palestinian violence continue to be obstacles to achieving a lasting solution.