Final answer:
Desertification is the one-term for the process by which fertile land becomes infertile desert land. It can be caused by drought, deforestation, or poor farmland management.
Step-by-step explanation:
The one-term for the process by which fertile land becomes infertile desert land, and can be caused by drought, deforestation, or poor farmland management, is desertification. Desertification occurs when the topsoil of an area is eroded or loses its ability to support plant life.
One example of desertification is the Sahel region in Africa, where changing climate conditions and overgrazing have contributed to the desertification process. The once fertile land is slowly turning into a desert, affecting the livelihoods of millions of people.
Another example is the Dust Bowl in the United States during the 1930s. Over-farming, dry farming techniques, and overgrazing led to the depletion of topsoil and the creation of barren land.