Final answer:
The psychoanalytic perspective of human development is primarily associated with Sigmund Freud (a).
Step-by-step explanation:
Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, is renowned for pioneering the psychoanalytic theory, which delves into the unconscious mind's influence on behavior, personality, and development. He introduced concepts such as the id, ego, and superego, emphasizing the significance of early childhood experiences in shaping an individual's psyche. Freud's stages of psychosexual development, including oral, a.n.a.l, phallic, latency, and genital stages, illustrate his belief in the progression of personality through these phases.
His work laid the foundation for understanding subconscious drives, defense mechanisms, and the impact of unresolved conflicts on psychological development. Freud's influence extends beyond psychology, permeating fields like literature, art, and culture, solidifying his status as a key figure in the realm of human development and psychoanalysis.
Correct answer: a. Sigmund Freud