Final answer:
The correct answer to the question is 'transient', which describes life's joys and sorrows as fleeting. Various literary texts reflect on these temporary experiences and life's inherent diversity and adaptability. Option d is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phrase 'life is full of transient joys and sorrows' suggests that the experiences of happiness and sadness in life are fleeting.
The mentioned correct option in the final answer that best describes life's ever-changing nature is transient. The term implies that the states of joy and sorrow are not permanent but rather pass quickly.
This can be illustrated by numerous literary excerpts that ponder the temporary nature of life and the diversity of experiences encountered, from the thrill of adventure depicted in a backpacking trip to the adaptability required for overcoming day-to-day challenges. Following these themes, one can derive that life’s variety and the ability to adapt are fundamental aspects, emphasizing the value of experiencing different facets of life, each with its own set of lessons and moments of growth.