Final answer:
The option that is NOT a sympathetic effect on the body is B. constriction of the pupil, as the sympathetic nervous system causes pupil dilation. So option B is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the choices given, the effect that is NOT a sympathetic effect on the body is constriction of the pupil (option B). The sympathetic nervous system is known for activating the fight-or-flight response, leading to physiological changes such as pupil dilation, not constriction, to allow more light into the eye and improve vision under stress. Increased coagulation (option A), decreased insulin secretion (option C), and relaxation of the ciliary muscle for far vision (option D) are indeed effects of the sympathetic nervous system.
It prepares the body for rapid action by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration rate while decreasing processes not immediately necessary for survival, such as digestion. Examples of sympathetic effects include pupil dilation (to improve visual awareness), increased heart rate (to enhance cardiovascular function), and relaxation of the ciliary muscle for far vision (to improve focus on distant objects).
On the other hand, increased coagulation is not a direct sympathetic effect. Coagulation or blood clotting is primarily controlled by other mechanisms and is not directly affected by sympathetic activation.