Final answer:
The nurse should assess the lab value of serum creatinine prior to administering antibiotics to a patient with chronic renal failure to ensure appropriate dosage and minimize the risk of adverse effects.
Step-by-step explanation:
Prior to administering antibiotics to a patient with chronic renal failure, the nurse should assess the patient's lab values, with a particular focus on one lab value: serum creatinine. Serum creatinine is a measure of kidney function, and elevated levels of creatinine indicate impaired kidney function.
This assessment is important because impaired kidney function can affect the clearance of the antibiotic from the body, potentially leading to drug toxicity. By monitoring serum creatinine levels, the nurse can ensure that the appropriate dosage of the antibiotic is administered and minimize the risk of adverse effects.