Final answer:
The Uniform Code of Military Justice is the foundational document for military legal procedures and holding members accountable for legal breaches, influenced by Supreme Court decisions and international laws like the Geneva Conventions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The document that serves as the basis for holding military members accountable for breaches in binding instruction and law is the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). The UCMJ is a federal law that establishes the military legal system and outlines the legal procedures for the United States armed forces. It covers various aspects of military law, including crimes and defenses, court-martial procedures, and punishments for offenses.
In addition, the Geneva Conventions and decisions by the Supreme Court, such as Hamdan v. Rumsfeld and Boumediene v. Bush, have impacted the interpretation and application of military justice, especially about due process and habeas corpus rights for detainees.