Final answer:
General Francis Marion, known as the "Swamp Fox," led guerrilla warfare against British forces during their Southern Campaign in the Carolinas, contributing to the American victory in the Revolutionary War.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nickname "Swamp Fox" was earned by General Francis Marion during the American Revolutionary War. His leadership in guerrilla warfare against the British during their Southern Campaign was instrumental in keeping the Patriot cause alive in the Carolinas. Marion's band of guerrillas were highly effective in harassing British forces, disrupting supply lines, and gathering intelligence, which played a key role in the ultimate American victory.
Lord George Germain's southern strategy initially captured Savannah and brought thousands of formerly enslaved individuals into the British fold, yet American forces adapted. General Nathanael Greene and notably, the Swamp Fox's guerrilla tactics eroded British control in the region.
General Greene's strategy of dividing his troops to wage a guerrilla war, combined with crucial battles like Cowpens and Guilford Courthouse, eventually led to General Cornwallis abandoning his strategy in South Carolina. This shift was part of a larger turning point that paved the way for the subsequent defeat of the British at Yorktown.