Final answer:
The maximum mass of calcium hydroxide that can be formed from 2.8g of calcium oxide with water is 3.70 grams, calculated using the molar masses of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide and the stoichiometry of their reaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the maximum mass of calcium hydroxide that can be formed from the reaction of 2.8g of calcium oxide (CaO) with water (H2O), we use the balanced chemical equation:
CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(s)
This reaction shows that one mole of calcium oxide reacts with one mole of water to produce one mole of calcium hydroxide. The molar mass of CaO is 56.08 g/mol and that of Ca(OH)2 is 74.09 g/mol. Hence, we need to calculate the number of moles of CaO we have, which is:
2.8 g CaO × (1 mol CaO / 56.08 g CaO) = 0.0499 mol CaO
Since the reaction is one-to-one, the same number of moles of calcium hydroxide will be formed. Thus, the mass of Ca(OH)2 formed is calculated as follows:
0.0499 mol Ca(OH)2 × (74.09 g Ca(OH)2 / 1 mol Ca(OH)2) = 3.70 g Ca(OH)2
Therefore, the maximum mass of calcium hydroxide that can be formed is 3.70 grams.