Final answer:
Hand-washing is the most important preventative measure in spreading foodborne illnesses, as it effectively removes pathogens that can be transmitted through various ways, including handling food and touching contaminated surfaces. Hence, the last option is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The number one preventive in spreading food-borne illness is hand-washing. Regular handwashing is one of the most effective defenses against the spread of pathogens that cause foodborne diseases. Wash your hands before and after handling or preparing food, before eating, after using the bathroom, handling raw meat or fish, and after being around sick people. Using proper food safety practices at home, such as washing hands, maintaining the correct refrigerator temperature, and cleaning utensils and surfaces, can significantly reduce the risk of contamination.
Food safety also relies on preventing contamination through careful handling and preparation of food. It's important to avoid cross-contamination by using separate cutting boards for raw meats and vegetables and to ensure proper cooking temperatures are reached to kill any bacteria present in the food.
Microbes are everywhere, including on surfaces like doorknobs and money, so frequent handwashing helps prevent their transmission into our bodies where they can cause illness. Using hand sanitizer can serve as a temporary measure if soap and water are not available, but washing hands with soap and water is recommended for the most effective removal of microbes.