Final answer:
The molecules manufactured in the nucleus and that enter the cytoplasm through nuclear pores include mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA; DNA does not leave the nucleus. These RNAs are integral to protein synthesis, with mRNA carrying genetic codes, tRNA bringing amino acids, and rRNA being part of the ribosomes. rRNA is synthesized in the nucleolus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The molecules that are manufactured in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell and enter the cytoplasm by way of the nuclear pores include messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All these types of RNA play crucial roles in protein synthesis, with mRNA carrying the genetic blueprint from DNA to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, tRNA bringing amino acids for polypeptide chain assembly, and rRNA being a component of the ribosomes themselves.
The DNA is never supposed to leave the nucleus, ensuring its safety and maintaining the integrity of the information it contains. The central dogma of molecular biology, which describes this process, involves the synthesis of RNA in the nucleus, followed by its relocation into the cytoplasm where protein synthesis occurs on the ribosomes. Specifically, the rRNA components of ribosomes are synthesized in the nucleolus within the nucleus before being assembled with proteins in the cytoplasm to form functional ribosomes.