Final answer:
Hobbes would agree that there are no laws in the state of nature and people are always at war. Locke would disagree, stating that natural laws exist. Both Hobbes and Locke would agree that government is needed to create laws, protect people, and provide services. However, Hobbes would agree that the ruler should have complete power, while Locke would disagree.
Step-by-step explanation:
a. There are no laws in the state of nature, and people are always at war:
Hobbes would agree with this statement. He believed that in the state of nature, there is no government or laws to regulate human behavior. According to Hobbes, people are driven by their self-interests, and without any authority to enforce rules, there would be constant warfare.
Locke, on the other hand, would disagree with this statement. He believed that while there is no formal government in the state of nature, natural laws exist that govern human behavior.
These laws, based on reason and morality, encourage people to respect each other's rights and ensure a level of peace and cooperation.
b. Government is needed to create laws, protect people, and provide services:
Both Hobbes and Locke would agree with this statement. Hobbes argued that a strong government or a Leviathan is necessary to enforce laws and protect individuals from the chaos of the state of nature.
Locke, similarly, believed that government is established through a social contract to protect natural rights and maintain order. Both philosophers recognized the importance of a government in providing essential services and maintaining societal harmony.
c. The ruler should be someone who has complete power and cannot be overthrown if people are unhappy:
Hobbes would agree with this statement. He believed that an absolute ruler or a monarch is necessary to maintain peace and stability.
According to Hobbes, a ruler with complete power ensures that individuals do not challenge or disrupt the social order.
On the other hand, Locke would strongly disagree with this statement. He argued for limited government and the right of people to revolt against rulers who do not protect their natural rights.
For Locke, government should be accountable and may be overthrown if it fails to serve the interests of the people.