Final answer:
Michael and Amina, living in a community property state, must each report $50,000, which is half of their combined income when filing separate tax returns.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Michael and Amina file separate returns in a community property state, each spouse must report half of the total community income earned by both.
In this case, Michael earned $40,000 and Amina earned $60,000. Hence, the total community income amounts to $100,000 for the year. Therefore, when filing separately, each of them should report $50,000, which is half of the total community income.
The community property laws are significant when considering filing taxes and how income is allocated between spouses. This understanding is essential for accurately reporting income and adhering to state and federal tax laws.
It's important to note that while this gives an equal income split, specific deductions or credits may apply differently depending on each individual's situation and the intricacies of community property law.