Final answer:
Proper alignment and posture are key to relieving stresses placed on the back, neck, and shoulders, by maintaining the body's center of gravity above the pivot point in the hips and reducing the need for muscle exertion.
Step-by-step explanation:
To relieve stresses placed on the back, neck, and shoulders, proper alignment and posture are essential. Good posture ensures that the body's center of gravity (cg) is directly above the pivot point in the hips, which reduces torque and the need for back muscle exertion. Through proper alignment, the bones can effectively transmit the vertical force from the floor, minimizing muscle strain and promoting a state of equilibrium.
Conversely, lifting heavy objects improperly, such as with one's back, can lead to muscle strain and even damage to discs and vertebrae due to the large forces created in the back muscles and spine. Standing desks can help maintain good posture, especially when equipped with special chairs designed to help position the body's cg above the seat. However, if the standing desk is not adjusted to the correct height, it could contribute to poor posture.