Final answer:
Risk factors for Musculoskeletal Disorders include physical, psychological, and organizational categories, with work schedules and job control being particularly significant. Human factors psychologists focus on optimizing physical workspace design and reducing psychological stress to prevent MSDs and improve career resilience.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three categories of risk factors that contribute to Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are physical factors, such as repetitive movements and poor posture; psychological factors, including stress and job burnout; and organizational factors, like work schedules and job control. Work schedules that are inflexible or require long hours can lead to fatigue and increase the risk of MSDs. Organizational factors also take into account the lack of autonomy in decision-making and job control, which can lead to chronic stress and job strain, further elevating the risk of MSDs.
The role of human factors psychologists in office workstation design is to minimize physical risks by ensuring that the furniture (such as the height of the chair) and the layout promote good posture and do not strain the body. They would also be interested in factors that could contribute to or reduce psychological stress, such as dealing with the court system, life-and-death decision making, and heavy workloads.
Therefore, an environment conducive to career resilience is essential, promoting positive factors like job satisfaction and personal growth, while minimizing negative factors such as heavy workloads, little job control, and lacking support systems.