Final answer:
Maria Winkelmann and Margaret Cavendish were influential female scientists during the scientific revolution, despite facing gender-based obstacles.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the 18th century, some noble and aristocratic women actively participated in scientific research despite being barred from university admission and formal membership in royal academies in England and France. Two notable female scientists during this time were Maria Winkelmann of Germany and Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle in England.
Winkelmann, who was married to a renowned astronomer, conducted her own observations and discovered a comet. Cavendish, on the other hand, wrote several scientific and philosophical works.
Although these women faced obstacles due to their gender, their contributions to science were influential during the scientific revolution.